1 20 160 http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/61a9e54cf0c6a4bb709a457ce8f87718.jpg 8f6e989d46e12deb44eaf4895677d9d6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ad for the New York Ledger, Harper's Weekly, 1858 Description An account of the resource Robert Bonner was the publisher of the New York Ledger, a story-paper that published poetry, fiction, and other miscellaneous content for the entire family. This advertisement, which appeared in the more news-oriented Harper's Weekly, uses blocks of repeated lines of text to catch the reader's attention-- using words themselves as visual elements on the page. Bonner was an early innovator in the field of advertising. We can contrast his "innovations" with the fantastical advertising techniques developed by Stephen Millhauser's fictional character Martin Dressler in the 1890s. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert Bonner, New York Ledger Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1858 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jean Lee Cole Type The nature or genre of the resource Advertisement Bonner, Robert Harper's Weekly Martin Dressler New York Ledger http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/b8a49d9bd24d8b8a1bd4e320939bf5c7.jpeg aab2da4b5c484174c2091b4129af7188 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Local URL The URL of the local directory containing all assets of the website http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47e0-ce51-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99#/?zoom=true Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Lithograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Fire Of July 19, 1845 -- The View At Bowling Green Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Nathaniel Currier Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available New York Public Library Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1845, 1882 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Shannon Ferrara, Jean Lee Cole Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Art and Picture Collection, The New York Public Library. "The Fire Of July 19, 1845 -- The View At Bowling Green." The New York Public Library Digital Collections. 1882. http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47e0-ce51-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99 Description An account of the resource Nathaniel Currier's lithograph titled "The Fire of July 19, 1845 -- The View At Bowling Green" depicts the spread of a massive fire in downtown New York City. The blazing fire, beginning just at dawn on Saturday, July 19, 1845, erupted into a massive explosion after coming in contact with a shipment of saltpeter at a warehouse down the street. Currier's lithograph portrays the calm fountain in Bowling Green as uncontrollable flames spread wildly around it. Just as Currier's lithograph demonstrates a peaceful object in the midst of chaos, Lydia Marie Child describes the tranquil essence of New York City's fountains in Letters from New-York. We can utilize "The Fire of July 19, 1845" to better understand Child's appreciation of the simple, angelic fountains of New York at a time when the city was experiencing unprecedented and rapid growth. Bowling Green Child, Lydia Maria fire Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898 Description An account of the resource A comprehensive history of New York City from the earliest days of European settlement to 1898, when the five boroughs that now comprise New York City were consolidated. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Burrows, Edwin G,, and Mike Wallace. Gotham: A History of New York City to 1898. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999. Loyola Notre Dame Library reserves. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Oxford University Press, 1999 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Posted 8/14/15. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jean Lee Cole Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1600s-1898 history reserves http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/6f66aaeb982d153c1fd7ed13fdcceedd.jpg 4a1b85a2265f099c8ce1c28732fc77e4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Watercolor Print Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource University of the City of New York, Washington Square. Description An account of the resource This "University of the City of New York, Washington Square" water color print illustrates the landscape of Washington Square in 1850. According to websites of New York University and the Washington Square Park Conservancy, the Gothic Revival Building that stood on the northeast corner of Washington Square was New York University's first main campus building. However, it was demolished in 1895 and replaced by the Silver Center that still stands today. Starting in 1826, the ground in the center of the square served as a parade ground for the city's volunteer militia which helped to raise the value of nearby housing. This print captures important elements that Henry James described of Dr. Sloper's new home in his book, Washington Square. Dr. Sloper moved his family north to the square in 1835 to escape the commercial uproar that began to take over the area where they lived close to city hall. The modern, solid, white marble structures surrounding the enclosed square created an honorable and rich aura in the quiet neighborhood. This pure, established atmosphere embodied Dr. Sloper's proud and judgmental attitude, and reflected many of the stern choices he made regarding his daughter's well being. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource I. N. Phelps Stokes Collection of American Historical Prints - Individual prints, drawings, paintings and maps in the Stokes Collection Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Print Collection, The New York Public Library. "University of the City of New York, Washington Square." The New York Public Library Digital Collections. 1850. http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47d9-7cc3-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available New York Public Library http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47d9-7cc3-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 7, 2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Theresa Patti Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1850 architecture class http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/671713f0315628e2714e26a2a43c3ae2.pdf 01026837e2b335b95cb86e406638f433 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Burning of the City Hall, New York, August 18, 1858. Description An account of the resource The image on the cover of the August 28th, 1858 issue of Harper’s Weekly depicts a fire at City Hall in New York City caused by fireworks honoring the success of the laying of the transatlantic telegraph cable. According to PBS, this cable ran from the US to Newfoundland to Ireland and permanently transformed long distance communication. The audience for this image was national. It covered the full front page of the issue, catching readers’ attention all across the country. However, there is an interesting irony depicted in this image. The laying of this cable was one of the most honorable events that New York had ever been a part of. The city was growing at such a rapid pace at this time. Technology was constantly improving, and this fete was marked as one of the greatest in the 19th century. As illustrated in the image, thousands of people in New York City were gathered to celebrate the achievement of connecting the old world to the new world, however, it ended in a tragic state with one of the city’s landmarks severely damaged. As we read in the Blumin introduction in the George Foster article, and in Washington Square, in 1850, residents of New York City were constantly moving up town due to the rapid commercial influx into the city. The change was so rapid that people had a hard time figuring out how to approach it. This can be compared to the composition of the image in Harper’s Weekly Magazine. The sky in the illustration is contrastingly split between light from the fire and the dark sky. A firework meant for celebration is shown breaking out of a building that it ended up causing a lot of damage in. This moment of confusion and chaos overall represented how New York City was becoming established during this time. The influx of immigrants and industrialization were having a positive effect on the city, but at the same time a lot of turmoil was occurring due to this change. George Foster mentioned some of these dark realities in his article. His writing left an impression of New York City as this hellish, immoral place, and the fire in this picture can be seen as a metaphor for the corruption, disease, and prostitution that was taking place at the time. New York City was becoming one of the largest and most important cities on the east coast and the transatlantic telegraph celebration brought a lot of attention to the city. However, the realities of these situations were filled with negative elements that raised a lot of obstacles in a critical developing time. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived “The Burning of City Hall, New York, August 18, 1958.” Harper’s Weekly Magazine 28 Aug. 1958: 545. Print. "People & Events." American Experience, The Great Transatlantic Cable. PBS, Web. 17 Sept. 2015. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/cable/peopleevents/p_field.html>. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Magazine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 16, 2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Theresa Patti Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1858 City Hall Domestic Harper's http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/c0a504a4f10081f988986bbc1b98a3a0.jpg 29b31c9aab63fddc68959306b2a39501 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Burning of the City Hall, New York, August 18, 1858 Description An account of the resource This illustration was dated August 18, 1858 from New York. The image depicts a large crowd gathered around the City Hall and watching firefighters put out a fire that has already semi-destroyed the building. The audience for this specific item is both men and women, as everybody experienced the impact this had on New York. Whoever created this illustration wanted to create a memory for people to look back on and see how many people this fire affected. This item is interesting because the reader is able to see how many people are standing outside watching this fire overtake the City Hall, and the firefighters fighting to extinguish the fire. The illustration looks as if there is a firework in the sky, which could be the reason for the fire. After conducting a bit of research, it was thought that the City Hall could have caught fire from actual fireworks that were set off to celebrate the successful laying of the Atlantic Telegraph Cable. This illustration demonstrates a bit of chaos, which could depict the chaos in New York because of immigration. Fire is always seen as chaos, and not as something beautiful, so this illustration could also be demonstrating destructiveness, in addition to chaos. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Burning of the City Hall, New York, August 18, 1858. 1858. New York. Harper’s Weekly. 87th ed. Vol. II. Print. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Magazine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 16, 2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Emily Nader Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1858 City Hall fire Harper's Weekly New York http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/9ba7531c5b6e11fa1375761a62e6bb77.pdf 7a54277a8d607f4f3d54ae45454eb00a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Husband-Hunting Description An account of the resource “Husband Hunting” from the Miscellany section of “Harper’s Weekly” is an excerpt from Jane Eyre a novel written by Charlotte Bronte in 1847. This excerpt refutes that women should live their lives for men. The author shows that women should show their emotion and live as they please and if a man mistakes their emotion for wanting to find a mate, it is the man’s foolishness. The author, Charlotte Bronte had a very difficult childhood and found happiness through writing. She therefore developed Jane Eyre (the main character in Jane Eyre) to have a very similar childhood filled with devastation and abuse (Barratt). Jane Eyre, in her later life through Charlotte Brotte’s novel, develops a strong passion for feminism and believes that woman should live for themselves despite other’s judgements (Owsley). This is interesting as it shows how women were depicted in the 1850’s. Women were supposed to only live for men which is shown in the excerpt as it says, “do not, therefore, be too much afraid of showing yourself as you are”. This illustrates how women were only supposed to do and act how men expected them to and not how they truly wanted to. Henry James in “Washington Square” also depicts women very similarly. For example, Catherine lived her life to please her father or Morris. Catherine, like most women, were expected to be domestic, not leave the parlour (James 45) and to become responsible wives (James 97). Catherine ends the novel, though, living her life “as it were” (James 171) and finds strength and power in being a woman. Both Jane Eyre and Catherine realized that women can be self-reliant and they must not live their lives in order to find a man to please, an increasingly appealing idea among women in the late 1850’s. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Charlotte Bronte Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Bronte, Charlotte. "Husband-Hunting." Harper’s Weekly: A Journal of Civilization [New York] 6 Jan.1958, Miscellany: n. pag. Print Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 16, 2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Laura Watters Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1958 gender roles James women http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/955a7333f2e9ba95bf8f3f787ccbc79f.jpg be96826626a6024f11045d03a44db7e5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Atlantic Cable Celebration-Presentation to Cyrus W. Field in the Crystal Palace," Harper's Weekly, 1858 Description An account of the resource This illustration, featured in the September 11, 1858 issue of Harper's Weekly, depicts a large gathering of people celebrating the establishment of the Atlantic Cable. Cyrus W. Field, creator of the Atlantic Telegraph Company, successfully laid down the first telegraph line across the Atlantic Ocean, connecting Trinity Bay, Newfoundland and Valentia, Ireland. After the first successful message was transmitted from Queen Victoria to President Buchanan, New York City burst into celebration. This illustration depicts the overwhelming sense of pride and nationalism that Americans felt during this time. It also demonstrates the growth of New York City as it started developing into a major American city. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Art and Picture Collection, The New York Public Library. "Atlantic Cable Celebration -- Presentation To Cyrus W. Field In The Crystal Palace." The New York Public Library Digital Collections. 1858. http://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/510d47e0-cca6-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 16, 2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Shannon Ferrara Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1858 technology & science http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/4e19a26fca7ba8119a5d05342086eb70.pdf a024fb533e6ba7b111d940532b16500a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource “Marriage.” Harper’s Weekly, 1858 Subject The topic of the resource Marriage Description An account of the resource This item is an article on marriage. The article is clearly directed at men, and does not discriminate by age, race, or economical background. It encourages a man to get married because it will make his life better. The item, although there is no author, provides examples for all of the ways a man’s life will improve with a wife. The tone of the item is similar to that of an advertisement, as if it is selling marriage and then goes on to give all the reasons as to why a man should buy it. Towards the end it reads, “Gentlemen, get a wife – a pretty one, if you like them best; a good one, when she is to be found; and a rich one, if you can get her pretty and good.” This line degrades women so much so, that it depicts them as something to be bought. It also shows that the only characteristics women have are pretty, good, or rich and then a man may go out a pick the one he prefers the most. What makes this item interesting is how it portrays marriage during the time period. According to the article, the decision to get married lay completely with the man. In New York in the 1850’s, women were treated as inferior to men. According to Laura Donnaway in her online article titled, “Women’s Rights before the Civil War,” women and men were in completely different societal spheres. Donnaway states, “The ideal woman was submissive; her job was to be a meek, obedient, loving wife who was totally subservient to the men around her.” The item from Harper’s Weekly says something similar about the roles of women in marriage, “She nurses while sick, she watches for him in health.” This line also shows how women were expected to work completely for the household and take care of their husbands. In 1860, two years after the release of this article, New York passed the first comprehensive reform in women’s legal status, which gave them full property, parental, and widow’s rights. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived “Marriage.” Harper’s Weekly 16 Jan. 1858: page 44. Print. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 16, 2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jessa Laspesa Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant January 16, 1858 Anti-Feminism Harper's Weekly Marriage Men Washington Square Women's Rights http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/f2a405be9c0a8002c87076d2bd0ff58f.jpg 31cf57bc7b5bb286c77e52134add9659 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Burning of The City Hall, New York, August 18, 1858 Description An account of the resource The illustration of the burning of New York’s City Hall was featured on the cover of the Harper’s Weekly Magazine published on August 28, 1858. The fire took place on the night of Tuesday, August 17, 1858 and lasted until three, the morning of the eighteenth. This event was originally a celebration for the success of the Trans-Atlantic Cable Line that had been laid across the ocean to connect America to the New World. There were celebratory fireworks shot off the roof of City Hall and then happened to catch it on fire, causing complete chaos. I believe Harper’s Weekly wanted the nation to understand the significance of this technological advancement. Therefore, I believe the magazine used this image on the front page to draw the attention of their national audience, so the writers could further explain, within the subsequent articles, how they accomplished this technological success. This image could serve as a metaphor to the growth of the city itself. The appreciation and excitement for the new technological advancement lead to more chaos in the end, which is similar to how some viewed New York at the time. People were intrigued by the rapid expansion of the city, but it was through this industrial growth New York took on a new identity many viewed as chaotic. This image can also be compared to George Foster’s view of the city as a hellish place. The features of the image, such as the fire, darkness, and mass amounts of people surrounding it relate the industrious, hectic city that changed so rapidly, taking on a whole new corrupted way of life. I think the background story to the image also correlates to the ideas of Foster, as he explains how New York quickly became a place of growth, industry, technology, and diversity. Many People looked for opportunity, and when they were able to see incredible advancements were taking place in this newly popular city it drew their attention. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived “A Burning of The City Hall, New York, August 18, 1858.” Harper’s Weekly Magazine: A Journal of Civilization 28 Aug. 1858: 545. Print. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Magazine Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 17, 2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Taylor Caldwell Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1858 City Hall Domestic (U.S.) Harper's http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/b7a8c043cad02ee265dd827f738d35e7.pdf 011d4fa6556c9c7cbbe893a60e34c543 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Section of Harper's New Monthly Magazine Monthly Record of Current Events Description An account of the resource This item is a section of some of the small short blurbs featured in the Harper’s New Monthly Magazine “Monthly Record of Current Events”. This stories highlighted in this section is the torrential weather in Belgium, the political on goings in Germany, a peace meeting that occurred in Germany, the plots to assassinate the Pope and the Austrian ambassador, political controversy at an Archbishop’s funeral, and the Danish army’s progress in the field. The audience for these news blurbs are those that had an interest in foreign policy at the time or had ties with the countries mentioned. During the 1850s, this would have most likely been for men. I can assume that the writers and editors of Harper’s Monthly at the time saw enough importance in international affairs to dedicate a portion of the monthly news. What makes this item interesting for me is some of the language used to report the news. The language seems more dramatic than what would be used today. It makes the news blurbs seem more like pieces out of a dramatic story than a standard giving of the news. One example is the word choice used to describe the events. Adjectives and adverbs are added to the reports giving it a more dramatic affect. A specific example is in the news blurb about rain in Belgium. Instead of simply saying a rain storm, they say “ a tremendous rain storm” It dramatizes the rain storm making it seem like an apocalypse rather than just a really bad rain storm. Another example is the word choice used in the telling of the political drama of the archbishop. To describe the possibility of violence, they used “At his funeral such excitement was manifested by the people, that to avoid an actual outbreak, the monks were ordered to leave the city, and the possessions of their order were sequestered.” They drew out the drama of the possibility of violence after the funeral by drawing out the sentence and choosing to use words like “excitement” and “sequestered”. This dramatic use of language may be due the romantic period that American literature was in at the time. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "Monthly Record of Current Events." Harper's New Monthly Magazine Oct. 1850: 712. Print. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 1850 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Bounded book Type The nature or genre of the resource News Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Gabriella Green http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/93ba880432c010619a2cb538ee36645e.pdf 52adb990a70a1c1b51ecada060ab7b45 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Weekly Market Summary," Harper's Weekly, 1858 Description An account of the resource The Weekly Market Summary offers an insight of what life was like in the 1850’s. A weekly market summary outlines the important points on a marketing report so someone does not have to read through the whole plan to learn significant information. This summary is found in Harper’s Weekly A Journal of Civilization Volume II, No. 82 and was published on Saturday, July 24, 1854. This would have been readily available to anyone who could get his or her hands on an issue. However, this summary would be read more in a big industrial city. As New York was the biggest industrial city in the 1850’s it is safe to assume it was meant to be heard by this audience. Only those New Yorkers who kept up with the stock market would have paid attention to this section. Since this magazine is read in the city, it shows that a good amount of people within the city were interested in the economy. This section of the magazine helps provide historic background to Herny James’ Washington Square. This shows that New York was a city of constant growth in the 1850’s because its residents were interested in the news of the market. This is a key idea in the beginning of the novel; this growth in New York was the reason Dr. Sloper moved to Washington Square, the setting of the novel. This section of Harper’s Weekly also helped provide background information to later in the novel. This section says, “Cotton, Coffee, Sugars, Rice, Provisions Linseed oil and Tallow have been more sought after, generally at advancing rates”. This shows why Morris Townsend was able to give the excuse of leaving New York to go to New Orleans to get cotton. The growth of New York had a great influence on the actions of the characters in Washington Square. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "Weekly Market Summary," Harper's Weekly 24 Jul. 1858. [PAGE NUMBERS NEEDED] Print. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 17, 2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Brandon Desintonio-Perez Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant July 24, 1858 http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/d0c9e4d3e115459d5efbd0065e9aff63.pdf 5b523884b9d527ff1341f78ca2f6a4c6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Weekly Market Summary" Subject The topic of the resource Prices at the Washington Square Market in New York City Description An account of the resource The article I chose depicts the “Weekly Market Summery” in New York. It describes the prices of many different types of commodities back in the 1850’s. It provides national and local trends of goods that many people bought each week. The audience of this article could be many different people. They could be people who are interested in financials or men/women looking for the best deals for food. The wasn’t much that I could figure out about the editor of this article. However, they were in New York City and had to have been present the Washington Market in New York. My research did lead me to find out that the Washington Market was one of the biggest agricultural markets in New York during the 1850’s. They were an ideal place to go grab meat, poultry, or dairy products. This article is very interesting to me because I love reading about finance and staying up to date with modern financial news. It is very different to see the prices of things back then compared to today. Also its crazy to see some of the food they ate and what they called it. Pigs used to be called swine and they also sold meat by the head for some animals and by the pound for others. This article depicts life in New York City and the country as a whole. It shows what products cost and what types of food they ate. American used to eat pigeons, fowls, geese, snipes, and plovers. To eat these foods in modern times would be considered odd. This article is also important because it shows the financials of New York and how they change over time. As an accounting major I see this type of language everyday. In the description before the actual prices the language they use to describe the markets is incredibly different then what we use today. This article shows how simple life was back then in New York City. This article also shows what type of financials New Yorkers cared about back then and when compared to today the only people who read about the meat demand are business men and women who are looking to buy large amounts of agricultural commodities or agricultural farmers who sell these type of goods. This article to me symbolizes life back in the 1850’s and the overall movement of our financial system. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harper's Weekly Author Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harper's Weekly [CORRECT CITATION NEEDED] Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 20, 1858 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Ed Regler http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/33cff923ff8f7e7cd168e85afdf1b42b.pdf f2ddb0563c0bb85fc14e8b05925938de http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/6cab8beaf122ecc26d0c6c0abfc938c6.pdf 9a5de39aa98aa1c50357bcac90de504d http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/7fc8c2977d170d145e32918e32efec4b.pdf dcdb7ef828495314e073ba58fdc72831 http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/3f910b7177f7cf5d360a6c67e12101ba.pdf 7662dc591e283291bcfd4bea9574b99f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource How Destruction of Trees Affects the Rain, Harpers Weekly, 1856 Description An account of the resource How the Destruction of Trees Affects the Rain is an article that talks about the long run impacts of the unchecked destruction of trees and forests. The readers of the article could be people who have probably seen the impact of brutality to the environment or who are cautious of leaving their children with a world that is worse off than the world they were born in to. However, the readers of the article could really be anyone; the title of the article alone creates a few questions, which would make it an interesting quick read for any person in New York who wants to learn more about the topic. The editor who put this article in has a critical view of the “Yankee” way of life, especially when it comes to the conquering of the Indians and of nature. The editor shows that he or she has a sense of humor because much of the article is written with a sarcastic tone. They are trying to convey a message through sarcasm and satire. The article says something very interesting about New York in the 1850s. Though the scientific explanations used in the article are primitive, it’s surprising to see that people were conscious about preserving the earth for their children in the 1800s. This can be seen in the line “By cutting down the trees upon mountain sides and ravines we are inevitably entailing two great evils on posterity – a scarcity of fuel and water” (Harpers 666). This seems like a relatively modern issue, but it apparently was also an issue for some in the 1850’s. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harpers Weekly Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "How the Destruction of Trees Affects the Rain." Harpers Monthly Mar. 1856: 666-69. Print. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harpers Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Tim Bontempi Environment Harpers Monthly http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/501e81cdded4f9747e31fb0d1231cf92.pdf 8f318fcc06e65d560a73bb47d52ae83b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data magazine Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Coming Out Of A Fashionable Church Subject The topic of the resource Illustration Description An account of the resource The Item chosen for this section is the front-page illustration titled, Coming Out Of A Fashionable Church. The Audience of this item is presumably New Yorkers who attend church and want to see how their regalia compares to their peers. The audience also could be those who do not attend church, or attend less fashionable churches, and want to see how the better half lives, much like the Hollywood magazines of today. Not much is specified about the illustration other then the title, but one can assume that it was drawn by the illustrator of the entire magazine, unfortunately, nothing can be found on this person, or persons other that they were presumably a regular employee of the magazine. This item is intriguing as there are many depictions in this image making up the scene, and as the illustrator uses various shading tenancies to make the image of chaos not look overwhelming. In the foreground a older respectable gentleman drag his wife away from a conversation, as she desperately attempts to complete it. The eye is drawn to this depiction by the heavy shading on the man, and intricate lines on the woman. The Gentleman is drawn sharply, and his attitude seams to match, as he drags his partner on he keeps a stiff upper lip with a scowl, and looks to be taking crisp steps with his cane. This illustration relates to what we have read in Washington Square pertaining to dress and socialization. Much like Catherine, the ladies wear rich dress, and again as in Washington Square we find an old maid to the far right, escorting who is presumably a recent widow, due to the vial, off scene. The visual chaos to the left is expressed through the use of variant shading, darker for the foreground transitioning to light in the background. The illustrator gradually darkens figures where they overlap, making to illustration look less chaotic. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Frank Leslie Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harpers Weekly, issue 55 [CORRECT CITATION NEEDED] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harpers Weekly Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 16 January 1858 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Ben Hansberger Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource News Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Fashionable Church http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/4bc4c5ea5b25198afd23551709ce4592.PNG d7ad5f745ce902e42afa4b4f9b5d01cb Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Delights of Spending the Summer in the Country Description An account of the resource The illustration is a satire of country life from the perspective of a New York City Resident. In the 1850’s, New York City was growing rapidly. Manhattan was becoming more urban in a northward direction. Some chose to move away from the metropolitan lifestyle to the country. The rural lifestyle didn’t, and to this day still doesn’t, have all the conveniences of the city. Old Dimity settled his family in the country but didn’t think about the long walk from the Railway Station. The idea is that country life is not all so great and that city living is best. In addition, the man pictured isn’t exactly a refined man. He has a scruffy beard and his clothes don’t appear to fit correctly. The setting isn’t beautiful either; it seems fairly bare. The path is full of rocks, the trees doesn’t look any bit lively, and poor Old Dimity looks like he’s going to pass out. As Harper’s Weekly was published mostly for the city resident, illustrations and cartoons satirizing other ways of life played nicely to reader’s ideals. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harper's Weekly. Author Unknown. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "The Delights of Spending the Summer in the Country," Harper’s Weekly 7 Aug. 1858: page 512. Print. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 7, 1858 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Nick D'Addario http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/9a689c03cd52f6e96a9180428262645e.pdf fb8cef132a66bf7eb21e020439f101b8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Red Petticoat and Its Pedigree Description An account of the resource The article, “The Red Petticoat and its Pedigree,” is a timeline of sorts for the hoop skirt for women. The article seems to be dedicated to “...Mrs. Selby, the inventor of the hooped petticoat.” who apparently died from a fever caused by an abundance of anxiety. The creator of this article is a assumedly a man because only men were allowed to write for Harper’s Weekly. The writer of the article tends to be a bit preachy at times with his focus on the female ankle, but it is important to note that that was a big deal back in 1858. It can also be ascertained that the writer has knowledge of, or at least has done research on the history of women’s petticoats. There is no female point of view to this article, rather, it seems to be an outside view of a well-researched male peering inside the world of women’s fashion. The article, at times, is also pretty comical with a kind of dry humor that can definitely still be considered funny today. For instance, the article refers to the old-style of hoop skirts that were not circular but oblong as “...projections...known by the inelegant but intelligible name of “pairs of “hips.”” and even adds a piece from a play that is quite humorous, “”I’ faith, Maria,” says the young lady in the shocking old play, “some varlet has run off with my new hips.”” He also references a humorous story from the Tattler in which “the trial of a young lady for obstructing the highway with her hoops” was a feature. According to the article, when women do not show their ankles it gives the female form a much-needed “sturdier base.” Eventually, even Queen Victoria adopted the visible ankle to which he states “But who shall dare to criticise a monarch’s ankle?” The article finally finishes off with the current fashion at the time’s featured scarlet petticoat which originated from the “Highland girls” in the U.K. and that the United States had adopted them and how the new invention is purely good since it allowed for easier movement and a bit more practicality due to shorter petticoat length and how the garb will be less likely to get dirty. The use of humor in this article is quite interesting because it offers a glimpse at how a type of humor was utilized in the 1850’s to make an article about the history of fashion interesting to read. However, a skeptical view of this is that is this article mocking to women of the day? The use of hoops as the butt of a joke can probably seem to demeaning to such a society-required staple for the female gender of the day. One could take many viewpoints to analyzing this article, although it may be dedicatory, is the humor meant to be purely light-hearted or is it in more of a mocking tone? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harper's Weekly Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "The Red Petticoat and Its Pedigree." Harper's Weekly 13 Feb. 1858: 100-01. Web. 16 Sept. 2015. [CORRECT CITATION NEEDED] Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Shayla Moore Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harper's Weekly, Journal of Civilization, 1858 Description An account of the resource One piece of the weekly that stood out to me as I read along, was the ad addressed to the companies and business owners in other words aristocracy. To me it was strange to see space taken up to advertise the weekly’s offerings because in today’s society that spaced used would have simply been payed to own/occupy the space (There is no need to advertise it). The ad in the city reading also mentions the cost per line (50 cents). In this case, it is important to notice the difference between 50 cents in the 1800s and now. Today, the same advertisement would be suggesting that the cost per line could be anywhere from $15-$90. This shows a huge cultural difference from New York then and now because it shows how little citizens in the lower and middle classes actually had. Following up with this idea, the weekly also demonstrated in great detail the finances of the country in 1800s as we would today. Next to the advertisements for the weekly was a weekly financial update. And what that section generally covers is similar to items papers today would attempt to publish. For example, “On Thursday and Friday wheat was actively sought, chiefly on speculation…” New York today probably would ignore the sales of wheat however, it would not ignore the finances the country is spending and making. Although, today New York financial readings would generally focus more on modern topics you could see that the structure of the financial section from the 1800s is closely related to topics we stress today. Many times in the financial section of the newspaper one would see a variety of costs that the US is spending abroad. Whether its oil trade or military expenses, the variety of foreign expenses is not ignored. In the Weekly, it demonstrates the import costs that occurred that week. To refer back to how crucial agriculture was in the market, the weekly’s section of finance includes costs of trade for food items such as coffee, cotton, sugars, etc. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harper's Weekly Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harper. "Journal of Civilization." 11 Sept. 1858: 591 [CORRECT CITATION NEEDED] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 9/17/2015 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Carlos Moradel Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant September 11, 1858 http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/304c9cb8902fa4be152cce55d3df7d01.pdf f599cabb92c8d06a5ea0611d25dda0ca Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Illustration Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Recipient of a Comic Valentine Description An account of the resource This illustration accompanies an article describing St. Valentine’s day. The image is of an upset man, looking as if he has been the victim of a cheap trick. The caption of the image is “The recipient of the comic valentine”. The article describes how it is a tradition in the city to exchange romantic as well as comic letters to celebrate St. Valentine’s.. This image provides a window into the life of New Yorkers in the 1850s, and that the tradition of exchanging notes on St. Valentine’s day took place then as it does now. This article was meant to give non-New Yorkers a view into the city's St. Valentine's day traditions, as well as anyone else who may not be familiar with them. The image does not have a listed illustrator, but it seems to be the same illustrator as the majority of the images in the magazine.. This image relates to Henry James’ Washington Square, as Mrs. Penniman exchanges letters with Morris, and also these valentines relate to courting traditions and practices of the time, even though this edition was published sometime after that novel takes place. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harper's Weekly, Illustrator Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harper's Weekly, A Journal of Civilization 13 February 1858.Print, pg. 103, Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource February 13, 1858 http://www.loyolanotredamelib.org/en203/files/original/8a200d3f543f2d4949956dc9c20ba651.jpg bea72880b48e4f22c4d055e8323be160 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 1850s Subject The topic of the resource Sources and resources pertaining to the 1850s and literary works concerning this period. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Brooke's Deep Sea Sounding Instrument & Core-Sampling Device" Subject The topic of the resource Illustration Description An account of the resource The item I chose to be further analyzed in this issue was the illustration provided of “Brooke’s Deep Sea Sounding Instrument,” which was the device used on the cable of the Transatlantic Telegraph Cable in order to trade communication. This was quite the complicated procedure to properly connect cables from the US to Ireland and Newfoundland. The American sailor, engineer and scientist known as John Mercer Brooke had created this invention for the sole purpose of making the Atlantic Telegraph Company possible on the orders of American businessman Cyrus Field. The device he created was made in the form of a cannonball with a coated, hollow tube attached to the center. This creation was meant to attach to a very long cable that would sink to the lower sea floor and feasible enough to transmit an electric current at the distance of 1,600 miles underwater. He was even able to attach a “core-sampling device” which was meant to pick samples of material on the sea floor for various studies. Brooke’s principle reason for creating this invention supposedly stemmed from him and his colleagues not being able to find out where the bottom of the ocean floor began. His invention ended up working perfectly for the circumstances since he was able to send the device at such a low level on the ocean floor that strong currents and storms could not affect the device from transmitting electricity. Brooke and others organized a plan for this procedure by using four ships that would transport the cables to two locations and drop them into the ocean in both the US, Valentia, Ireland and Trinity Bay, Newfoundland. These four ships used were named the Corgon, Niagard, Agamemnon and Valorous. The article provided a depiction of how the procedure occurred onto something that Brooke’s called the “telegraphic plateau.” It displayed the ocean having an underwater mountain ridge where these ships aided the cable placement in both the US and Europe to ensure the electric current was functional. It even described the later occurrence of the ship Agamemnon being broad sided by rogue waves while laying the cable and ultimately was destroyed due to a storm in the ocean. The procedure was still completed and efficient nevertheless. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harper's Weekly, Author Unknown Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Harper's Weekly: A Journal of Civilization, Volume 2, No. 87 [CORRECT CITATION NEEDED] Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Harper's Weekly Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 28, 1858 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Type The nature or genre of the resource Magazine Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Evan Orfanos